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tlv431q document number: ds36915 rev. 1 - 2 1 of 13 www.diodes.com february 2014 ? diodes incorporated tlv431q a product line o f diodes incorporated automotive grade 1.24v shunt regulator description the tlv431q is a three terminal adj ustable shunt regulator offering excellent temperature stability and output current handling capability up to 20ma. the output voltage may be set to any chosen voltage between 1.24 and 18 volts by selection of two external divider resistors. the tlv431q can be used as a r eplacement for zener diodes in many applications requiring an im provement in zener performance. the tlv431q is available in 3 grades with initial tolerances of 1%, 0.5%, and 0.2% for the a, b and t grades respectively. the tlv431q has been qualified to aec-q100 grade 1 and is automotive grade supporting ppaps features ? low voltage operation v ref = 1.24v ? temperature range -40 to +125c ? reference voltage tolerance at +25c ? 0.2% tlv431tq ? 0.5% tlv431bq ? 1% tlv431aq ? typical temperature drift ? 4 mv (0c to +70c) ? 6 mv (-40c to +85c) ? 11mv (-40c to +125c) ? 80a minimum cathode current ? 0.25 ? typical output impedance ? adjustable output voltage v ref to 18v ? green molding ? totally lead-free & fully rohs compliant (notes 1 & 2) ? halogen and antimony free. ?green? device (note 3) ? automotive grade ? qualified to aec-q100 grade 1 ? supports ppap documents pin assignments tlv431_qf (sot23) (top view) tlv431_qe5 (sot25) (top view) ? pin should be left floating or connect to anode typical application circuit adjustable high accuracy shunt reference notes: 1. eu directive 2002/95/ec (rohs) & 2011/65/eu (rohs 2) compliant. all applic able rohs exemptions applied. 2. see http://www.diodes.com for more information about diodes incorporated?s definitions of ha logen- and antimony-free, "gree n" and lead-free. 3. halogen- and antimony-free "green? products are defined as those which contain <900ppm bromine, <900ppm chlorine (<1500ppm t otal br + cl) and <1000ppm antimony compounds. 4. automotive products are aec-q10x qualified and are p pap capable. automotive, aec-q10x and standard products are electricall y and thermally the same, except where specified. for more information, please refer to http://www. diodes.com/quality/product_compliance_de finitions/. 5 anode n/c 1 cathode 3 n/c ? 2 4 ref 3 anode ref 1 cathode 2
tlv431q document number: ds36915 rev. 1 - 2 2 of 13 www.diodes.com february 2014 ? diodes incorporated tlv431q a product line o f diodes incorporated absolute maximum ratings (@t a = +25c, unless otherwise specified.) symbol parameter rating unit v ka cathode voltage 20 v i ka continuous cathode current -20 to +20 ma i ref reference input current range -0.05 to +3 ma v in input supply voltage (relative to ground) -0.03 to +18 v esd susceptibility hbm human body model 4 kv mm machine model 400 v cdm charged device model 1 kv (semiconductor devices are esd sensitive and may be damaged by expos ure to esd events. suitable esd precautions should be take n when handling and transporting these devices.) parameter rating unit operating junction temperature -40 to +150 c storage temperature -65 to +150 c operation above the absolute maximum rating may cause device failure. operation at the absolute maximum ratings, for extended periods, may reduce device reliability. unless otherwise stated voltages specif ied are relative to the anode pin. these are stress ratings only. operation outside the absolute maximum ratings may cause device failure. recommended operating conditions (@t a = +25c, unless otherwise specified.) symbol parameter min max units v ka cathode voltage v ref 18 v i ka cathode current 0.1 15 ma t a operating ambient temperature range -40 +125 c package thermal data package ? ja p dis t a = +25c, t j = +150c sot23 380c/w 330mw sot25 250c/w 500mw electrical characteristics (@t a = +25c, unless otherwise specified.)
tlv431q document number: ds36915 rev. 1 - 2 3 of 13 www.diodes.com february 2014 ? diodes incorporated tlv431q a product line o f diodes incorporated symbol parameter conditions min typ max units v ref reference voltage v ka = v ref , t a = +25c tlv431aq 1.228 1.24 1.252 v tlv431bq 1.234 1.24 1.246 tlv431tq 1.2375 1.24 1.2425 v ka = v ref , t a = 0 to +70c tlv431aq 1.221 ? 1.259 tlv431bq 1.227 ? 1.253 tlv431tq 1.230 ? 1.250 v ka = v ref , t a = -40 to +85c tlv431aq 1.215 ? 1.265 tlv431bq 1.224 ? 1.259 tlv431tq 1.228 ? 1.252 v ka = v ref , t a = -40 to +125c tlv431aq 1.209 ? 1.271 tlv431bq 1.221 ? 1.265 tlv431tq 1.224 ? 1.255 v ref(dev) deviation of reference voltage over full temperature range v ka = v ref t a = 0 to +70c ? 4 12 mv t a = -40 to +85c ? 6 20 t a = -40 to +125c ? 11 31 ? v ref ? v ka ratio of change in reference voltage to the change in cathode voltage v ka for v ref to 6v ? -1.5 -2.7 mv/v 18v ? -1.5 -2.7 i ref reference input current r 1 = 10k ? , r 2 = oc ? 0.15 0.5 a i ref(dev) i ref deviation over full temperature range r 1 = 10k ? , r 2 = oc t a = 0 to +70c ? 0.05 0.3 a t a = -40 to +85c ? 0.1 0.4 t a = -40 to +125c ? 0.15 0.5 i kmin minimum cathode current for regulation v ka = v ref t a = 0 to +70c ? 55 80 a t a = -40 to +85c ? 55 80 t a = -40 to +125c ? 55 100 i k(off) off state current v ka = 18v, v ref = 0v ? 0.001 0.1 a z ka dynamic output impedance v ka = v ref, f = <1khz i k = 0.1 to 15ma ? 0.25 0.4 ?
tlv431q document number: ds36915 rev. 1 - 2 4 of 13 www.diodes.com february 2014 ? diodes incorporated tlv431q a product line o f diodes incorporated typical characteristics test circuit for v ref measurement 10k ? o/p 75k ? i k 10ma s1 100nf 56k ?
tlv431q document number: ds36915 rev. 1 - 2 5 of 13 www.diodes.com february 2014 ? diodes incorporated tlv431q a product line o f diodes incorporated typical characteristics (cont.)
tlv431q document number: ds36915 rev. 1 - 2 6 of 13 www.diodes.com february 2014 ? diodes incorporated tlv431q a product line o f diodes incorporated typical characteristics (cont.) test circuit for input noise voltage test circuit for phase shift and gain test circuit for reference impedance 100f 50 ? 100 ? o/p 100 ? ~ ~ 10f 4.3k ? o/p 6.8k ? 180 ? 5v i k 470f 750 ? o/p 1k ? 3v
tlv431q document number: ds36915 rev. 1 - 2 7 of 13 www.diodes.com february 2014 ? diodes incorporated tlv431q a product line o f diodes incorporated typical characteristics (cont.) test circuit for pulse response pulse generator o/p
tlv431q document number: ds36915 rev. 1 - 2 8 of 13 www.diodes.com february 2014 ? diodes incorporated tlv431q a product line o f diodes incorporated application notes in a conventional shunt regulator application (figure 1), an external series resistor (r 3 ) is connected between the supply voltage, v in , and the tlv431q. the 0.5% and 0.2% tolerance versions allow the creation of a high accuracy adjustable shunt reference. r 3 determines the current that flows through the load (i l ) and the tlv431q (i k ). the tlv431q will adjust how much current it sinks or ?shunts? to maintain a voltage equal to v ref across its feedback pin. since load current and supply voltage may vary, r 3 should be small enough to supply at least the minimum acceptable i kmin to the tlv431q even when the supply voltage is at its minimum and the load current is at its maximum value. when the supply voltage is at its maximum and i l is at its minimum, r 3 should be large enough so that the current flowing through the tlv431q is less than 15ma. r 3 is determined by the supply voltage, (v in ), the load and operating current, (i l and i k ), and the tlv431q?s reverse breakdown voltage, v ka . figure 1. adjustable low voltage reference k l ka in 3 i i v v r ? ? ? where ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 2 1 ref ka r r 1 v v and v ka = v out the values of r1 and r2 should be large enough so that the current flowing through them is much smaller than the current throug h r3 yet not too large so that the voltage drop across them caused by i ref affects the reference accuracy. printed circuit board layout considerations the tlv431q in the sot25 package has the di e attached to pin 2, which results in an electrical contact between pin 2 and pin 5. therefore, pin 2 of the sot25 package must be left floating or connected to pin 5. other applications of the tlv431q ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 2 r 1 r 1 v v ref out b sh out in i i v v 3 r ? ? ? b be i v 4 r ? ma 15 i h i b (min) fe sh ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? figure 2. high current shunt regulator it may at times be required to shunt-regulate more cu rrent than the 15ma that the tlv431q is capable of. figure 2 shows how this can be done using transistor q1 to amplif y the tlv431q?s current. care needs to be taken that the power dissipation and/or soa requirements of the transistor is not exceeded.
tlv431q document number: ds36915 rev. 1 - 2 9 of 13 www.diodes.com february 2014 ? diodes incorporated tlv431q a product line o f diodes incorporated application notes (cont.) ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 2 r 1 r 1 v v ref out b be out in i ) v v ( v 3 r ? ? ? ma 15 i h i b (min) fe (max) out ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? figure 3. basic series regulator a very effective and simple series regulator can be implemented as shown in figure 3 above. this may be preferable if the load requires more current than can be provided by the tlv431q alone and there is a need to conserve power when the load is not being powered. thi s circuit also uses one component less than the shunt circuit shown in figure 3 above. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 2 r 1 r 1 v v ref out b be out in i ) v v ( v 3 r ? ? ? ma 18 i h i b (min) fe (max) out ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? (max) out ref s i v r ? figure 4. series regulator with current limit figure 4 adds current limit to the series regulator in figure 3 using a second tlv431q. for currents below the limit, the circu it works normally supplying the required load current at the design voltage. howeve r should attempts be made to exceed the design current set by the second tlv431q, the device begins to shunt current away from the bas e of q1. this begins to reduce the output voltage and thus ensurin g that the output current is clamped at the design val ue. subject only to q1?s ability to withstand the resulting power dissipation, the c ircuit can withstand either a brief or indefinite short circuit.
tlv431q document number: ds36915 rev. 1 - 2 10 of 13 www.diodes.com february 2014 ? diodes incorporated tlv431q a product line o f diodes incorporated application notes (cont.) ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 2 r 1 r 1 v v ref out ) v v ( v ref reg out ? ? (all features of the regulator such as short circuit protection, thermal shutdown, etc, are maintained.) figure 5. increasing output voltage of a fixed linear regulator one of the useful applications of the tlv4 31q is in using it to improve the accura cy and/or extend the range and flexibility of fixed voltage regulators. in the circuit in figure 5 above both the output vo ltage and its accuracy are entirely determined by the tlv431q, r 1 and r2. however the rest of the features of the regulator (up to 1a output current, output current limiting and thermal shutdown) are a ll still available. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 2 r 1 r 1 v v ref out ) v v ( v ref reg out ? ? b reg out in i ) v v ( v 3 r ? ? ? ma 18 i ma 1 . 0 b ? ? (all features of the regulator such as short circuit protection, thermal shutdown, etc, are maintained.) figure 6. adjustable linear voltage regulator figure 6 is similar to figure 5 with adjustability added. note the addition of r3, this is added to provide sufficient bias cur rent for the tlv431q.
tlv431q document number: ds36915 rev. 1 - 2 11 of 13 www.diodes.com february 2014 ? diodes incorporated tlv431q a product line o f diodes incorporated ordering information tol. part number package part mark status reel size tape width quanity per reel 1% TLV431AQE5TA sot25 v1a active 7?, 180mm 8mm 3000 tlv431aqfta sot23 v1a active 7?, 180mm 8mm 3000 0.5% tlv431bqe5ta sot25 v1b active 7?, 180mm 8mm 3000 tlv431bqfta sot23 v1b active 7?, 180mm 8mm 3000 0.2% tlv431tqfta sot23 v1t active 7?, 180mm 8mm 3000 package outline dimensions (all dimensions in mm.) please see ap02002 at http://www.diodes.com /datasheets/ap02002.pdf for latest version. sot23 sot25 sot23 dim min max typ a 0.37 0.51 0.40 b 1.20 1.40 1.30 c 2.30 2.50 2.40 d 0.89 1.03 0.915 f 0.45 0.60 0.535 g 1.78 2.05 1.83 h 2.80 3.00 2.90 j 0.013 0.10 0.05 k 0.903 1.10 1.00 k1 ? ? 0.400 l 0.45 0.61 0.55 m 0.085 0.18 0.11 ?? 0 8 ? all dimensions in mm sot25 dim min max typ a 0.35 0.50 0.38 b 1.50 1.70 1.60 c 2.70 3.00 2.80 d ?? ?? 0.95 h 2.90 3.10 3.00 j 0.013 0.10 0.05 k 1.00 1.30 1.10 l 0.35 0.55 0.40 m 0.10 0.20 0.15 n 0.70 0.80 0.75 ?? 0 8 ?? all dimensions in mm a m j l d f b c h k g k1 a m j l d b c h k n
tlv431q document number: ds36915 rev. 1 - 2 12 of 13 www.diodes.com february 2014 ? diodes incorporated tlv431q a product line o f diodes incorporated suggested pad layout please see ap02001 at http://www.diodes.com/dat asheets/ap02001.pdf for the latest version. sot23 sot25 dimensions value (in mm) z 2.9 x 0.8 y 0.9 c 2.0 e 1.35 dimensions value (in mm) z 3.20 g 1.60 x 0.55 y 0.80 c1 2.40 c2 0.95 x e y c z x z y c1 c2 c2 g
tlv431q document number: ds36915 rev. 1 - 2 13 of 13 www.diodes.com february 2014 ? diodes incorporated tlv431q a product line o f diodes incorporated important notice diodes incorporated makes no warranty of any kind, express or implied, with regards to this document, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose (and their equivalents under the laws of any jurisdiction). diodes incorporated and its subsidiaries rese rve the right to make modifications, enhanc ements, improvements, corrections or ot her changes without further notice to this document and any product descri bed herein. diodes incorporated does not assume any liability ari sing out of the application or use of this document or an y product described herein; neither does di odes incorporated convey any license under its patent or trademark rights, nor the rights of others. any customer or us er of this document or products described herein in such applica tions shall assume all risks of such use and will agree to hold diodes incorporated a nd all the companies whose products are represented on diodes incorporated website, harmless against all damages. diodes incorporated does not warrant or accept any liability w hatsoever in respect of any products purchased through unauthoriz ed sales channel. should customers purchase or use diodes inco rporated products for any unintended or una uthorized application, customers shall i ndemnify and hold diodes incorporated and its representativ es harmless against all claims, damages, expenses, and attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death a ssociated with such unintended or unauthorized application. products described herein may be covered by one or more united states, international or foreign patents pending. product names and markings noted herein may also be covered by one or more united states, international or foreign trademarks. life support diodes incorporated products are specifically not authorized for use as critical component s in life support devices or systems without the express written approval of the chief executive offi cer of diodes incorporated. as used herein: a. life support devices or syst ems are devices or systems which: 1. are intended to implant into the body, or 2. support or sustain life and whose failure to perform when proper ly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling can be reasonably expected to result in significant injury to the user. b. a critical component is any component in a life support devic e or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expect ed to cause the failure of the life support device or to affect its safety or effectiveness. customers represent that they have all necessary expertise in the safety and regulatory ramifi cations of their life support dev ices or systems, and acknowledge and agree that they are solely responsible for all legal, regulatory and safety-rel ated requirements concerning the ir products and any use of diodes incorporated products in such safety-critical, life support devices or systems, notwithstanding any devices- or s ystems-related information or support that may be provided by diodes incorporated. further, customers must fully indemnify diodes incorporate d and its representatives against any damages arisi ng out of the use of diodes incorporated pr oducts in such safety-critical, life suppor t devices or systems. copyright ? 2014, diodes incorporated www.diodes.com

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